Definition of Fantasy Story Text
Fantasy story text is one of the genres narrative text which has a story full of imagination and fantasy that exceeds reality (Kemdikbud, 2017, p. 44). The narrative text is a text that tells a story. So, it can be concluded that fantasy story texts are narrative texts that tell fantasy stories.
Why be specific fantasy stories? Because active fantasy can hone creativity quickly and effectively. Talking about fantasy, fantasy itself is divided into two types, namely:
- Active fantasy, namely fantasy which is controlled by the mind and will; for example, the painter who imagines drawing or writer who imagines writing.
- Passive fantasy, namely fantasy that is not controlled, is as if the person who fantasizes is only passive as a forum for responses, for example: daydreaming.
Of course, the fantasy used in writing or reading fantasy stories is active fantasy. For the record, the division of the type above is specific to "fantasy" only, not fantasy texts. Meanwhile, fantasy story text types will be discussed below.
Types of Fantasy Stories
Types of fantasy stories can be divided into two general categories first, namely based on: a) their suitability to real life; and b) based on the background of the story (Kemdikbud, 2017, p. 54).
Fantasy Based on Its Suitability in Life
Based on their suitability with real life, there are two categories of fantasy stories, namely:
In this category of stories, everything in the story does not happen in the real world. For example, Nagata's fantasy story is the total fantasy of the author. So the name of the person, the name of the object, the name of the city is really the author's fiction;
Namely fantasy stories that express fantasy but still use names in real life, use place names that exist in the real world, or events that have occurred in the real world.
Fantasy Based on Story
Based on the background of the story, fantasy stories are divided into two categories, namely:
This means the setting used at one time, such as present fantasy, past fantasy, or future/futuristic fantasy;
This means that fantasy stories use two different time settings: thee present with prehistoric times, the present and the next 40 years/futuristic).
Fantasy Story Text Structure
The structure of the fantasy story text is still the same as the general narrative text. Here are some of those structures.
- Orientation This section introduces the setting, characters, and story in terms of time, place and events. Orientation is also commonly used to organize various scenes and explain the relationships between characters.
- Complications are the part where the conflict starts to emerge. Conflict is a contradiction or difficulty for the main character. Complications explain how the causes and effects of conflicts that occur between characters. This section will be graded peaking until it reaches a climax.
- Resolution problem-solving. This section is the resolution of various conflicts that occur. Resolution can also be the final statement of the conditions experienced by the main character.
As a side note, we can insert several other structures among the three main structures above. Simply put, there are other structural parts found in fantasy stories or narrative texts in general.
For example, an abstract overview of the story can be inserted before Orientation. Then, after complications, there is usually a climax which is the peak of tension from the various complications that occur. After the resolution, we can insert a coda that is the story's closing, which is the conclusion of the mandate or instructions that lead to the continuation of the story (sequel).
Characteristics of Fantasy Story Text
Several characteristics distinguish fantasy story texts from other narrative texts. According to the Ministry of Education and Culture team (2017, p. 50), the differences are as follows.
- Stories reveal things supernatural/mysterious, supernatural that is not found in the real world.
- A fantasy story is a fantasy genre fiction story (an imaginative world created by the author). In fantasy stories, things are impossible to become ordinary.
- Characters and settings created by the author do not exist in the real world or modifications to the real world.
- Fantasy themes are magic, supernatural or futuristic.
- The idea of the story is open to the author's imagination, not limited by reality or real life.
- A series of fantasy story events using various settings that break through the dimensions of space and time. For example, the main character can experience events in several time settings: modern times and the background of the Dutch colonial era.
- Characters in fantasy stories can be given unique characters and characteristics that do not exist in everyday life. For example, characters have certain supernatural powers or experience mysterious events that do not occur in everyday life.
- Fantasy stories are fictional (not real events). Fantasy stories can be inspired by real settings or real objects in life but still imbued with imagination and fantasy.
- The use of synonyms with strong emotions and word variations is quite prominent. The language used is varied, expressive, and uses a variety of conversations (not formal language).
Talking about the 9th point above, which emphasizes language characteristics, like other texts, fantasy story texts also have several characteristics in their use of language. These linguistic characteristics will be discussed in the presentation below.
Language Rules Fantasy Story Text
Fantasy texts' rules or linguistic features include the following points (Kemdikbud, 2017, p. 68).
- The use of pronouns and people's names as a narrative point of view: me, them, him, Erza, Doni.
- The use of words that perceive the senses to describe the setting (place, time, atmosphere), for example, setting of a place: Three cone-style houses greeted my eyes. Gold and diamonds are scattered on the walls of the house. The lab is messy. All equipment broke. Strange only my laptop is still on.
- Using a choice of words with symbolic meanings and special meanings, for example, The Alien has a sharp nose. With his nose protruding, he sniffed around.
- Time sequence marker conjunctions: a) chronological conjunctions after, then, meanwhile, at the same time, suddenly, when, before, etc.; b) the use of chronological conjunctions to indicate the arrival of another character or a change in setting, both in terms of atmosphere, time, and place, for example, two years later, Farta has arrived on Planet Mars and met Tatao. Finally, Farta was able to save himself from the giant's attack.
- The use of the word/expression of surprise The use of the word/expression of surprise serves to move the story (starting the problem), for example, a) Suddenly an alien who is larger in size comes; b) In the midst of his happiness came the calamity.
- The use of direct dialogue/sentence in the story, for example: "The giant is chasing us!" shouted Fona frantically. I gaped at Fona's words. I immediately ran.
Example of a short fantasy story text and its structure
The following is an example of a fantasy story text with its constituent elements, which tells about Nino's encounter with an adorable alien.
Adorable Nino and Alien
Orientation
That night, somehow unlike usual, Nino couldn't fall asleep. He had been trying to close his eyes for a long time but couldn't sleep. He then decided to open his bedroom window, hoping the fresh breeze would make him sleepy.
But not long after he opened the window, a bright light seemed to be approaching from a distance. Nino then returned to his bedroom window. The light drew closer and started to dazzle Nino and covered his eyes with one hand.
Complications
Suddenly a tiny alien came. Her belly is distended, her body is blue, and her lips are pink. His eyes are bright green. The big-headed Alien suddenly emitted a red glow from his hand that warmed Nino's body.
"Hello, w-who are you?" Nino asked, a little scared. The Alien then answered in a language that Nino and even other humans couldn't understand! "Blah weos dgak, laih ipos en quere?". "Sorry, I don't understand what you're saying", Nino replied.
Instantly, the Alien seemed to understand what was happening, then twirled its antenna-shaped ears as if adjusting something like a radio frequency. Then he said in human language, "I can't sleep, on my planet, there are three suns, so it's too bright, can I sleep here with you?".
Resolution
Although somewhat hesitant, Nino allowed it. It didn't take long for the alien to lie down on the carpet in Nino's room. "Sorry, you can use my bed. You don't have to be on the floor." But Nino was too late because the Alien was already asleep; he purred like a cat.
Then, after a few seconds, the Alien woke up again. "Thank you, and I slept very soundly earlier," the Alien said while holding back a yawn. "Well, you've only slept for a few seconds, right?" replied Nino. "Oh, yes, beings from my planet only need 15 to 30 seconds of sleep in 1000 years".
The Alien got out and flew back into the sky through the bedroom window. Guess who now will not be able to sleep because they have witnessed this extraordinary event?
Read also : Example of Fantasy Story Text and its Structure
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